Gas-engine.



Patented lune 5, |900.

F. w. ToEDT.

GAS ENGINE.

(Application led` Aug. 5, 1899.)

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

(No Model.)

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No. 65|,2|6. f Patented june 5, |900.

- F. w. Tueur.

v(MS ENGINE.'

(Application mea Aug. u, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 st )eets-Sheet 2.

y AToH/VEYS lzo NITED STATES PATENT rFIcr;o

FREDERICK WILLIAM TOEDT, OF HAMBURG, IOWA.

GAS-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 651,216, dated June 5,1900.

Application iiled August 5, 1899. Serial No. 726,271.. (N0 model.)

To all whom, t wtcty concern:

Be itknown that I, FREDERICK WILLIAM TOEDT, of Hamburg, in the county ofFremont and State of Iowa, have invented anew and Improved Gas-Engine,of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in gas-engines, and comprises thenovel features hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of referenceindicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is a sectional elevation of my device, taken through the powerand the pump cylinders. Fig. 2 is a crosssection taken through saidcylinders. Fig. 3 is a section taken through the pump-cylinder andshowing one edge of the power-cylinder and the means for exploding thegaseous mixture, and Fig. 4 is a section through the valves controllingthe admission and discharge of the gaseous mixture to and from the pump.

The engine herein shown is a vertical engine; but it is evident that theconstruction of the cylinder and pistons may be applied to horizontalengines as well.

The power-cylinder A is provided with an outer casingA', formingacooling-jacket d between the two. This jacket is supplied with fresh airwhich is pumped by means of apiston N', which is connected, by means ofa rod N2, directly with one section D' of the powerpiston. The cylinderN, which contains the piston N', is provided with the usual inletvalvesn, located at each end thereof, and the discharge-valves fn', saidvalves being of any ordinary or usual form, such as the usualcheck-valves. The air-cylinderN is connected with theair-ja'cket bymeans of a pipe n2. By this means a constant circulation of cool airabout the engine-cylinder is provided for, which will keep the same at areasonable temperature.

The power-piston is divided into two sections D and D', which areconnected with each other by means of a stem D2. The section -D, beingthe section farthest removed from the crank, is the one which is actedupon by the pressure within the cylinder, while the section D' actsmainly as a valve or plug to close theouter or open end of the cylinderA. The section D' also acts as the cross-head, having a pin journaledtherein to which the connecting-rod H is attached. The connecting-rodH atits other end is journaled upon a pin upon the cranks I', which aresecured to the main shaft I after the usual manner. v

The gaseous mixture is supplied to the power explosion chamber by meansof a pump which is located alongside of the powercylinder and iscontained within a cylinder composed of two parts B and B', the innercylinder B' being slidable lengthwise of the outer cylinder. Thepump-piston P, which slides within the inner cylinder B', is connectedby means of its rod P' with an arm P2, said arm being connected with arod P2, which at its other end is fixedly secured to the outer sectionDot' the power-piston. The pump-piston therefore moves in exact accordwith the power-piston.

The gaseous mixture is supplied to the pump-cylinder through a passageB2and passage B3 and a check-valve T, which is connected with thepassage B3. clearly shown in Fig. 4. The air is supplied to the valve Tthrough a pipe T', which connects with a chamber T2, within one wall ofwhich the valve T is placed. Thegas is supplied to this chamber througha pipe T3, which is connected withone side thereof. The passage B3connects with the outer cylinder B. The cylinder B' is provided at itsinner end with a series of longitudinally-extending'bypass ports b2,which are of such a length that the outer ends thereof will be justuncovered by the piston P when the same is at the inner point of itsstroke and when the inner cylinder B' is vat its inner position relativeto the outer cylinder B. This position is-the one which is shown in Fig.1

The inner cylinder B' is provided with a Bange at its inner end, bywhich the cylinder is centered and supported within the outer cylinderB. It is also provided with a similar ange h', located near the centerthereof, but at such a distance from the inner end that it will neverreach the by-pass ports b2. The outer portion of the inner cylinder B'is provided with a rack L', which is adapted to be engaged by a worm L,mounted upon a shaft K2, which is journaled in one These parts are endof the cylinder B or in any other ixedv support. It is evident that ifthe shaft K2 and worm L be rotated the inner cylinder B will be movedinward or outward, depending upon the direction of rotation of suchworm. This worm may be turned by hand, if desired, or be connected withany suitable governor, so as to control the position of the innerpump-cylinder automatically by said governor. A connection of this sortis shown in Fig. l, consisting of a bevel-pinion K', secured upon oneend of the shaft K2 and adapted to alternately mesh with one of a pairof bevel-gears k and 7a2, mounted upon a sleeve which is sldable uponbut turns with the engine-shaft I. This cylinder is controlled inposition by the governor K, which may be ofanysuitable construction.Then the governor is in its central position, the pinion K will not beengaged hy either of the gears 7e" and k2.

If the speed should fall below that desired, the sleeve will be moved insuch a direction as to lnove the cylinder I3 inward and postpone thepoint where the by-pass ports will be engaged by the piston P, while ifthe speed should be above that desired the sleeve will bc moved in theopposite direction and cause the by-pass ports to be uncovered at anearlier point inthe strokeof the pump-piston P, thus decreasing theamount of the gaseous mixture which is forced into the powerexplosionchamber.

An auxiliary head M is mounted to slide upon the rod P of thepump-piston. This head is provided with suitable packi iig-heads, bywhich a tight joint is maintained between the same and the piston-rodand also between the auxiliary head and the cylinder B'. This head isnormally held toward the piston-head P by means of a spirally-coiledspring M, which surrounds the piston-rod I" and which is supported atits outer end by a collarp,

secured to said piston-rod.

In the operation of the pump when the piston-head P uncovers the outerends of the by-pass ports b2 the gaseous mixture which has beencompressed in front of the piston is allowed to escape to the outer sidethereof, thus acting upon the auxiliary head M and causing the saine tostop in its advance. The uncovering of the by-pass ports by the piston Ppermits the valve R', which controls the admission of the gaseousmixture to the power-cylinder, to close, so that no more of the gaseousmixture will be forced into said power cylinder. The pressure within thepower cylinder is thus controlled by the amount of the gaseous mixturewhich is introduced at each stroke. The surplus gas which is containedwithin the pump-cylinder is allowed to escape to the rear side of itspiston and is held against discharge into the outer air by means of thesliding auxiliary head M. Vlien the pump-piston P returns, the gas whichis contained between said piston and the auxiliary head M passes back tothe opposite side of the piston P, and the auxiliary head M does notstart in its return motion until the piston P has completely covered theby-pass ports b?.

The passage B3, through which the gaseous mixture is conducted to theexplosion-chamber or the power-cylinder, does not connect directly withthe power-cylinder, but with one end of the explosion-chamber R, as isclearly shown in Fig. 3. This explosionchamber consists of a long andrelativelysmall passage, which at one end connects with the passage B3,leading to the pump-cylinder, and at its other end connects with thepower-cylinder. The exploding device is located in thisexplosion-chamber farthest removed from the power-cylinder, as is shownin Fig. 3. Any form of explosion device desired may bc used for thispurpose. I have herein shown an electric igniter or exploding` devicewhich consists of an insulated pin S', which is connected with one sideof the battery, and an arm S, which is mounted upon a shaft S2, whichextends through one wall of the explosion-chamber and at its outer endis provided with an arm S, adapted to be engaged by an arm S", carriedby the outer end of the rod P, which is connected with the power-pistonand which operates the pumppiston.

.The action of the attenuated explosionchamber R is to prolong theperiod of explosion, as the ignition of the gases has to travel from oneend of the explosion-chamber to the other, which will consumesoinelittle time, due to its length and the small cross-section. As aresult of this the pressure developed at the beginning of the stroke ofthe power-piston is less than where the ignition of the gaseous mixtureis complete and immediate, the terminal pressure also being raised fromthe same cause. The explosion-chamber R is preferably castMw-ithin thewalls of the cylinderoA,as`shown in Fig. 2, The pump-cylindei1 B is alsopreferably formed in the same manner asa part of the main casting orthat which contains the main cylinder A.

The portion I) of the power-piston is provided with exhaust ports G,which pass through the body thereof and which are arranged in a circlesurrounding its center. These ports G are adapted to be closed by avalve E', which is placed upon one end of a stem E, said stem extendingwithin a hole formed within the center of the piston D and the stem D2,which connects said piston with the other section D thereof. Beneath theinner end of the stem E is placed a spirallycoiled spring c, the normaltendency of which is to keep the valve E raised from the ports G. Thevalve E and the stem E have a central bore or hole which contains a pinF and a spring It, which acts upon said pin to project it where it willbe engaged by the end of the cylinder when the piston nears the upperend of its travel. When this pin strikes the cylinder-head, it willcompress IIO the spring F', and thus exert a pressure upon the stem ofthe valve E', whichwill tend to seat it and cause it to close the portsG. This will result in seating the valve E just prior to the terminationof the return stroke of the piston D. The ports G will thus be closed atthe time when the charge within the explosion-chamber is ignited andpressure is applied to the piston D. This pressure acting upon the valveE will be sufiicient to keep it seated and the ports G thus closed.

The exhaust-ports for the cylinder A are located in the cylinder at sucha point that they will be uncovered by the piston D at the terminationof the power-stroke thereof. The pressure within the cylinder will thusbe discharged through the exhaust-pipe Q. As a consequence of thereduction of pressure withinrthe cylinder the spring e will be enabledto lift the valve E/ from its seat, thus opening the ports G andpermitting the spent product-s, which are still trapped within thecylinder after it has moved on its return stroke an amount sufficient tocover the ports Q, to escape through the ports G and Q, said ports Qbeing open until they are closed by the outer section D of the piston.Vhen these ports are thus covered, the ports G have been closed by theaction of the pin F striking against the outer end of the cylinder A.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patentl. A pumpvfor delivering the gaseous mixture togas-engines, comprising a cylinder having by-pass ports controlled byits piston, a piston reciprocating therein, and means for confining tothe cylinder the gas escaping through said ports, as set forth.

2. A pump for delivering the gaseous mixture to gas-engines, comprisinga cylinder ,having by-pass ports controlled by its piston, a pistonreciprocating therein, means for moving the cylinder relative to thepistonstroke, and means for confining to the cylinder behind said pistonthe gas escaping through said by-pass ports, as set forth.

3. A gas-engine, comprising a power cylinder and piston, means forexploding the gaseous mixture, a pump cylinder and piston for injectingthe gaseous mixture, the pumpcylinder having ports therein forming abypass adapted to communicate with opposite sides of its piston, andmeans for shifting the location of the cylinder relative to the strokeof the piston to vary the time of opening of lthe by-pass, substantiallyas described.

4. A gas-engine, comprising a power cylinder and piston, and means forexploding a gaseous mixture, in combination with a pump for theintroduction of the gaseous mixture, said pump comprising a fixedcylinder, a pump-cylinder slidable therein, the pumpcylinder havingports or by-passestherein adapted to communicate with opposite sides ofthe pump-piston, a pump-piston within the slidable cylinder, and meansfor sliding the ing the cylinder movement relative to the pis-lton-stroke whereby the time of opening ofthe by-pass is varied,substantially as described.

7. A gas-engine, comprising a power-cylinder and piston therein, apump-cylinder comprising two cylinders one within the other,

the inner cylinder having ports or by-passes adapted to connect withopposite sides of the pump-piston and the outercylinderbeing connectedwith the power-cylinder, and means for reciprocating the inner cylinderto vary the time of opening of the by-pass, substantially as described.

8. A gas-engine, comprising a power-cylinder and piston therein, apump-cylinder comprising two cylinders one within the other, the innercylinder having ports or by-passes adapted to connect with oppositesides of the pump-piston and the outer cylinder being connected with thepower-cylinder, a rack secured to the inner cylinder, a governor, and agear connection from the governor to the rack to shift the innercylinder, substantially as described.

9. A gas-engine, comprising a power-cylinder, two connected pistonstherein forming an exhaust-chamber between them, the cylinder havingexhaust-ports uncovered by the inner or power piston when in itsoutermost position, said power-piston having exhaustports extendingthrough it, a valve plate carried by the power-piston and adapted to beheld closed by pressure in the cylinder, a spring acting to hold saidvalve open, a stop engaging said plate to close the exhaust-ports justbefore ignition, and means for introducing and ignit'ing charges ofgaswithin the engine, substantially as described.

l0. An explosion-engine having a coolingjacket about its cylinder, anair-pump delivering air to the said jacket, and a piston for said pumptixedly connected with the enginepiston, substantially as described.

ll. An explosion engine comprising a power-cylinder,a piston, means forexploding the gas mixture, a pump cylinder and piston for delivering thegaseous mixture to the engine, said pump-cylinder comprising two nestedcylinders, the inner cylinder being movable lengthwise within the outercylinder and having by-pass ports adapted to be uncovered by thepump-piston at the latter end of its compressing stroke, an auxiliaryICO IIO

IIS

head or piston sliding upon the pump-piston rod, and a spring actingupon the same to hold it toward the pump-piston, substantially asdescribed.

2. A gas-compressing pump for explosionengines, comprising twoconcentric cylinders, the innercylinder being movable lengthwise withinthe outer one and having by-pass ports adapted to be uncovered by saidpiston, a piston fitting the inner cylinder, an auxiliary head or pistonsliding upon the piston-rod, and a spring acting upon the auxiliary heador piston to hold it toward the pump-piston, substantially as described.

13. A gas-compressing pump for explosionengines, comprising twoconcentric cylinders, the inner cylinder being moved lengthwise withinthe outer one, and having by-pass ports adapted to be uncovered by itspiston, automatic means for moving said inner cylinder, comprising agovernor as an actuating member, a piston fitting within the cylinder,an auxiliary head or piston sliding upon the piston-rod, and a springacting upon the auxiliary head or piston to hold it toward thepumppiston, substantially as described.

14. A pump for delivering the gaseous mixture to gas-engines, comprisinga cylinder having by-pass ports, controlled by its piston, a pistonreciprocating therein, means for moving the pump-cylinder relative tothe pistonstroke, whereby the time of opening of the by-pass isdetermined, and a spring-held auxiliary piston slidable upon thepump-piston rod and serving to prevent the escape of the surplus gaseousmixture, substantially as dcscribed.

l5. A gas-engine comprising a power-cylinder and piston therein, a pump-cylinder comprising two cylinders one within the other, the innercylinder having ports or by-passes adapted to connect with oppositesides of the pump-piston, and the outer cylinder being connected Withthe power-cylinder, a springheld auxiliary piston slidable on thepumppiston rod and serving to prevent the escape of the surplus gaseousmixture, a rack secured to the inner cylinder, a governor, and a gearconnection from the governor to the rack for shifting the innercylinder, substantially as described.

FREDERICK WILLIAM 'l0ED'l.

lVitnesses:

FRANK GILLMAN, G. A. DANFORTH.

